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Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is very common disorder of digestive system producing a variety of symptoms includes continuous or recurring type of abdominal pain along with disturbed bowel movements like abdominal cramps, bloated feeling with gas, diarrhoea (loose stool), constipation, or diarrhoea alternate with constipation. Autoimmune disorder is main cause of ulcerative colitis but familial predisposition, dietary errors, allergy to milk protein, Emotional and family stress, stress are also contributing factors. Irritable bowel syndrome is group of two digestive disorder -ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease that is inflammatory conditions mainly affecting the large and small intestine. ​ Ulcerative colitis (UC) is inflammation of large intestine and rectum characterized by Bloody diarrhoea due to rectal bleeding with frequent Urge for stool and abdominal cramps and discomfort before stool. Other signs and symptoms of Ulcerative colitis are Anorexia, Weight loss, Anaemia, Progressive weakness, Abdominal tenderness, and Distension with Fever. Endoscopically Ulcerative colitis (UC) have Continuous, shallow ulcers leading to disturbed bowel movements. ​ Crohn’s Disease is inflammatory condition of whole gastrointestinal track from mouth to anus. aphthous ulcers (sore mouth), Abdominal pain and discomfort, diarrhoea (sometimes stool is bloody), fever, and weight loss, anaemia, tiredness are symptoms of Crohn’s disease. Unlike ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease affects gastric mucosa in patches with deep ulcers. Fissures and fistula formation is common in Crohn’s disease. Persistent vomiting and nausea may appear when Crohn’s disease complicate as small bowel obstruction or stenosis of small intestine. ​ Homeopathic treatment for Irritable bowel syndrome: ​ Homoeopathic treatment proved very effective for Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We treated many of cases with IBS with constitutional homoeopathic prescription. After a brief case taking that includes all present complaints, past complaints, birth history, family history, mental and physical symptoms along with disease specific symptoms, we prescribe constitutional homoeopathic medicine that helps patients to get relief from Irritable bowel syndrome permanently without any other side effects.

About Homoeopathy Homoeopathy is a system of natural medicines introduced by a German physician, Samuel Hahnemann (allopathic physician MD), at the end of 18th century. Recognizing that the whole person mind, body, spirit (vital force) is affected when there is disease or illness. Homoeopathy seeks to treat the whole person. The focus is not only the diseased parts as the sickness, rather the totality of the individual. Homoeopathic remedies stimulate the body Self Regulating Mechanism to invite the healing power of the body (Immunity). Homoeopathy directs the way to safe and permanent cure. Homoeopathy work towards nature. All the homoeopathic medicines are proved (Drug Proving) on human beings instead on animals. Homoeopathy deals with patient then disease only (Whole Complete Man). Homoeopathic medicine are very minute refined and are given in minimal and minute dose so there is no side effects if given accurately and in proper dose. This medical system treats the patient as a whole ie mind and body for permanent cure. SCOPE Homeopathy has wide scope for all kinds of skin problems, acne, blemishes, hair loss, dandruff and much more. It provides permanent relief from constipation, Irritable bowel syndrome, colitis, thyroid, hypertension, etc. Very good results for kids, allergies, like wheat allergies, sinusitis, recurrent cold, behavioural problems. Female problems like PCOD, irregular menses, excess hair on chin, dysmenorrhea. Infertility and other male problems are also treated well with homeopathy. About Naturopathy Naturopathy, as the name indicates is the made of treatment in a natural way like with Sun and Magnetic therapies which have no side effects and treat the person in a most pleasurable way.​ About Acupressure Acupressure is very effective in treating various kinds of problems like Cervical spondylosis, lumbago, Sciatica, Backache, pain in body by pressing acupressure points manually and with electric equipment giving relief to thousands of patients. Homoeopathy Naturopathy Acupressure

Drug and alcohol addiction Drug addiction is a chronic and relapsing brain disorder after use of repeated addictive drugs that causes compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences to the drug addict and their family. Drug addiction is a neurological disease occurs due to the abuse of drugs that leads to changes in the structure and function of the brain. Initially person take drugs voluntarily but repeated use of drugs leads to compulsive desire to take drugs. Heroin, opium, alcohol and tobacco smoking are most common addiction that easily available. Use of such drugs makes sense of pleasure but its continuous use leads to problems like rapid breathing, aggression, nervousness, sleeplessness, weakness, weakness of memory, behaviour problem, cardiac and liver problem. Drug/alcohol addiction symptoms are irritability, anger, fatigue, anxiety, depression, psychosis, lack of coordination, difficult concentration. Missing working hours, spending money of household use, involvement in antisocial activities like stealing money for drugs or hitting other persons in aggression are commonly seen in drug adductors. Consequences of drug/ alcohol addiction are: Bad health due to diseases like HIV, Hepatitis B (caused by sharing needles, having unprotected sex), heart disease, kidney failure, stroke. Relationship breakage due to ill behaviour of drug adductors. Work performance halted due to lack of concentration and weak memory. Legal issues due to driving while intoxicated, stealing money for drugs. Homeopathic treatment for drug/alcohol abuse ​ To get rid from addiction “strong will power” is very necessary for adductors, Otherwise it is difficult to escape from addiction. Person should have strong will power to fight with withdrawal symptoms. Homoeopathic medicine helps patient to fight with cravings for alcohol/ drugs and also minimise the bad effects drug addiction. A homoeopathic constitutional medicine increases patients will power and immunity which helps patients to fight with side effects of drug abuse and withdrawal symptoms.

Dr. Ritu Sharma: The Alternative Way Your Gateway to a Healthy Life Don’t Miss a Thing LATEST NEWS & EVENTS ABOUT ME Dr. Ritu Sharma is a Homeopathic doctor, dietitian and acupressure specialist. She is specialised in naturopathy. Dr. Ritu is the one of the best multi-speciality doctor in tricity and Punjab. She has already healed and benefited thousands of the cases (acute and chronic) which were also labelled as incurable means only surgery was the option like gall bladder stones, warts, Fibroids, Piles, etc. How can we help? First Name Last Name Email Phone Tell us what you need help with Send Thanks for submitting! We’ll get back to you shortly.

10 M arc h 2 0 22 World Kidney Day How to keep kidney safe and healthy ? Kidneys are under the lower ribs in the back of the body above the waist. They are about the size of your fist. Functions • Filter blood. • Keep the right amount of fluids in your body. • Make hormones. • Regulate blood pressure. Types of kidney disease • Acute kidney injury • Chronic kidney disease What can damage kidney ? #Diabetes #High blood pressure #Kidney conditions- such as Glomerulonephritis, Polycystic kidney disease and kidney stones. #Self medication. #Severe or Chronic viral and bacterial infections Analysis of these symptoms was made to find out the genus epidemicus and following recommendation were made: ●Arsenicum album30 could be taken as prophylactic medicine against Coronavirus infections, which has also been advised for prevention of ILI. o Arsenicum album 30, one dose (4 pills of size 30 by adults and 2 pills by children) daily on empty stomach for 03 days. o The dose should be repeated after one month by following the same schedule in case Coronavirus infections prevail in the community References #Injury #Other • Diseases of the ureters or bladder • Diseases such as lupus • Birth defects • Environmental exposures to: Lead, mercury, or toxic chemicals i.e use of smoking and alcohol. • Tumors • Obesity Prevention of kidney disease • Don’t smoke. • Regular monitor blood pressure and blood glucose (sugar). • Control high blood pressure. • Control diabetes. • Control cholesterol. • Eat healthy meals. • Reduce salt intake. • Exercise regularly. • Lose weight if you are overweight. • Follow your doctor’s instructions and take medicines as prescribed. • Get good sleep. • Maintain stress level. Scope of Homoeopathy in case of kidney disease Homoeopathic treatment can further halt the disease progress by giving medicines at the dispositional level (after understanding the person as a whole –understanding what factors would have lead to the disease in concordance with his personality ) so that the body’s own kidney is stimulated to carry out the function and make the person free of dialysis. If the patient has come at the early stage of renal failure where the damage to the kidney tissues is minimal then Homoeopathy can revert back the kidney to its normal stage. Then Homoeopathy can improve the general wellbeing of the patient and his quality of life.

AUTISM Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms impaired social interaction, verbal and non-verbal communication, and characterized by restricted and repetitive behaviour. Signs can be usually notice in the first two years of child's life. Signs of autism often develop slowly, but sometimes children with autism reach their developmental milestones at a normal pace and then regress. The diagnostic for autism require that symptoms become apparent in early childhood, typically before age three. Social interaction defect: Autistic infants show less attention to social stimuli like smiling and looking at others less often when interacting with them, and respond less to their own name. Autisticchild have less eye contact and turn-taking, and do not uses simple movements to express their emotions or demands, such as pointing at things that they want. Three- to five-year-old children with autism are less likely to exhibit social understanding, approach others spontaneously, imitate and respond to emotions, communicate nonverbally, and take turns with others Verbal and non-verbal communication defect: children with autism do not develop enough natural speech so that they can communicate properly to meet their needs. Autistic child uses gestures more than speech to fulfil its demands. More over their gestures are less often integrated with words. Repetitive behaviour: Autistic child shows repetitive or restricted behaviour such asStereotypy is repetitive movement, such as hand flapping, head rolling, or body rocking. Compulsive behaviour is intended and appears to follow rules, such as arranging objects in stacks or lines. Resistance to change: Child with autism insisting that the things are not be moved or refusing to be interrupted in his task. Also restricted to sameness, involves an unvarying pattern of daily activities, such as an unchanging menu or a dressing ritual. Ritualistic behaviour of autistic child is closely associated with sameness and an independent validation has suggested combining the two factors. Restricted behaviour in autism is limited in focus, interest, or activity, such as stick to a particular T.V. show, toy or game. Autistic child can also injure one -selfor can injure the other person, such as eye-poking, skin-picking, hand-biting and head-banging. Homoeopathic treatment for autism Homeopathy is a safe and gentle treatment for autism, we tries to identify the root cause of disease through a detail case history includes the current complaints of the patient, his past medical history, family history, birth history, nature and disposition of the patient and many other finer and characteristic factors. Homoeopathic medicines acts on dynamic plane and expels disease causing factors outwards and heals patient permanently. We had handled several cases of autism and provided satisfactory results.

Epilepsy/ seizures Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder that can affect children as person in any age. Epilepsy or seizures occur because of abnormal electrical activity in the brain which affects different groups of muscles in body and causes muscle spasm and abnormal body movements. Epilepsy also considered as seizures characterized by uncontrolled body movement mainly affecting muscles, rolling of eyes, jaws stiffness, with or without consciousness of patient. An epileptic seizure appears in different forms in different people. Frequency and intensity of appearance of seizure vary from person to person. In some patients seizure attacks appears daily, weekly or monthly while in others can appears months or years after. ​ In most of cases cause of epilepsy is unknown but brain injury during an accident or at time of birth, brain tumour, infection in brain, genetic defect are leading causes of epilepsy. ​ Seizures can involve only one part of brain leads to symptoms include involuntary movement of the single muscles or arms, leg called as partial seizures or can involve more than one parts leads to sudden loss of consciousness, jerking or twitching of the arms or legs on both sides of the body, even involuntary passage of urine and stool called as generalized seizures. Many of patients feels sensations like blurred vision, headache, loss of sensations like smell or taste senses, vertigo before epilepsy attack. This stage before epilepsy attack called aura. Many epileptic patients feels aura before attack. ​ Homeopathic treatment for epilepsy: ​ Homoeopathic treatment proved very efficacious along with conventional treatment. We treated many of cases with epilepsy with constitutional homoeopathic prescription. After a brief case taking that includes all present complaints, past complaints, birth history, family history, mental and physical symptoms along with disease specific symptoms, we prescribe constitutional homoeopathic medicine that helps patients to get rid from epilepsy permanently without any other side effects. Patients treated with homoeopathic medicines remains seizures free for years after being slowly weaned off the conventional drugs. A normal EEG reading after homoeopathic treatment are suggestive of its effectiveness.

Cerebral palsy Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood. Signs and symptoms may vary between children. Cerebral palsy is caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture. Most often the problems for cerebral palsy occur during pregnancy, cerebral palsymay also occur during childbirth, or shortly after birth with late cry of child after birth. Risk factors for cerebral palsy are preterm delivery , twin delivery, certain infections during pregnancy such as rubella, exposure to methyl mercury during pregnancy, a difficult delivery, and head trauma during the first few years of life, genetic or inherited cause Symptoms of cerebral palsy include: Poor coordination, stiff muscles,weak muscles and tremors. Problems withsensation, vision, hearing, swallowing, and speaking.Often babies with cerebral palsy do not roll over, sit, crawl, or walk as early as other children their age, difficulty with the ability to think or reason and seizures may also appear.Symptoms may get more noticeable over the first few years of life Homoeopathy treatment for cerebral palsy Constitutional homoeopathic remedy required for best cure through qualified homoeopath.Homeopathy is a safe and gentle treatment for Cerebral palsy (CP), we tries to identify the root cause of disease via a thorough case taking that includes the current complaints of the child, past medical history, family history, birth history,pregnancy history of mother, nature and disposition of the patient and many other finer and characteristic factors, that leads to find out perfect constitutional homoeopathic remedy. Homoeopathic treatment can treat CP patients without side effects and hindering child’s normal development. We had handled several cases of CP and provided satisfactory results.

ECZEMA Eczema is skin condition in which skin becomes irritated and inflamed. Itch with dry skin is main characteristic feature of eczema. Eczema occurs in two stages: Acute and chronic stages. Acute eczema symptoms: Eruptions in eczema starts with formation of small vesicles filled with fluid with irresistible itching. In acute eczema eruptions starts oozing discharge which is sometimes thick like sticky fluid and sometimes thin like water. ​ Chronic eczema symptoms: With time skin eruption becomes dry, thickened, sometime scaling also appear and affected skin area becomes darker, pigmented than usual. Itching persist with eczema which becomes worse after exposure to specific irritants like chemical, dust, pollens, cosmetics, metals, or having food that contains allergens. In babies eczema commonly seen at diaper areas, scalp, hands, abdomen due to vitamin & minerals deficiency, warm infection, cosmetic allergies. Eczema is also seen in adults in the form of atopic eczema (Allergic dermatitis) along with tendency to have asthma, hey fever or other allergic conditions. ​ Most of people with eczema have allergies to specific substances may be from particular food, environmental factors, chemical or dust and it is necessary to find out that disease maintaining cause by your own observation or through allergy tests. ​ Homeopathic treatment for eczema: ​ We provide treatment for eczema by prescribing constitutional homoeopathic medicine prescribed by a qualified homoeopathic doctor. Homoeopathic treatment is best approach to relieve from itch and preventing further infections. There are many remedies that relieve eczema without any side affect and without leaving any scar or pigmentation. Homoeopathic medicines also treat eczema with its associated problems like allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, sinusitis.

CANCER Cancer is a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a diseased part of the body. This uncontrolled cell division is of two types: malignant cancer growth (carcinoma) and Non-malignant cancer growth (tumours). Malignant growths commonly known as cancer, carcinoma and are liable to spread to other parts (metastasis) while non-malignant growths are sticks to one part , not invading adjacent organs and known as tumours Cancer is further classified according to the organ/site affected e.g. mouth cancer, throat cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, cervical cancer, stomach cancer etc) or type of tissue or cells involved e.g. sarcoma, squamous or epithelial cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of lungs, astrocytoma, osteosarcoma) or according to the stage of cancer i.e. stage I to IV. The prognosis and treatment of different types and stages of cancer varies. Tumours lack the ability to invade neighbouring tissue or metastasize which differentiates it from cancer. Also, benign tumours generally have a slower growth rate than malignant tumours . Examples of benign tumours are lipoma, brain tumour, uterine fibroid, breast tumours, Moles etc. Possible signs and symptoms include: a new lump, abnormal bleeding, a prolonged cough in case of lung cancer, unexplained weight loss, continuous low grade fever and a change in bowel movements among others. Symptoms of tumour or cancer appear as per site/ organ involved. Homoeopathy treatment to cure cancer and tumour To remove cancer/tumour permanently, a perfect homoeopathic constitutional remedy is required prescribed by a qualified homoeopath. Homeopathy proves as a safe hand for cancer treatment than chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Homoeopathic treatment is very much effective and safest way to deal with cancer in early and advanced stages. Tumour of breast, brain, prostate, lipoma can be resolved by homoeopathic prescription without any surgery, without any side effect. We are also expertise in treating breast cancer, throat / mouth cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, meningioma, ovarian carcinoma, cervical cancer. We also treat cancer patient in advanced stage where metastasis occurs and helps patients to get symptomatic relief from late stage problems like severe pains, sleeplessness, weight loss, depression, weakness. Also provide treatment to get relief from side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Homoeopathy For Coronavirus Prevention : Factsheet Background On 31 December 2019, WHO was alerted about outbreak of several cases of pneumonia in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China which raised concern because when a virus is new, we do not know how it affects people. Affected patients were geographically linked with a local wet market as a potential source. One week later, on 7 January 2020, Chinese authorities confirmed that they had identified a novel coronavirus, named “2019-n CoV” from the family of viruses that include Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Coronaviruses are zoonotic and detailed investigations found that SARS-CoV was transmitted from civet cats to humans and MERS-CoV from dromedary camels to humans. The genetic sequence of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) enabled the rapid development of point-of-care real-time RT-PCR diagnostic tests specific for 2019-nCoV which is based on full genome sequence data on the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data [GISAID] platform. Scientist in China have shared its genome sequence, but the Australian scientists have for the first time recreated the virus. ​ About the Epidemic ​ A World Health Organization (WHO) senior leadership team, led by Director General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, met President Xi Jinping of the People’s Republic of China in Beijing, who shared the latest information on the outbreak and reiterated their commitment to bring it under control. The discussions focused on continued collaboration to improve containment measures in Wuhan, to strengthen public health measures in other cities and provinces, to conduct further studies and transmissibility of the virus, to continue to share data, and for China to share biological material with WHO. WHO is continually monitoring developments and the Director-General can reconvene the Emergency Committee on very short notice. Consequently, WHO is convening a bi-weekly call with clinical experts around the globe, to better understand, in real-time, the clinical presentation and treatment interventions. So far, 4593 globally confirmed cases are reported and 4537 confirmed cases from China but 56 confirmed cases from outside China. WHO. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Read More . Accessed on: 29 Jan 2020. Hongying Li, Emma Mendelsohn, Chen Zong, Wei Zhang, Peter Daszak et al. Human-animal interactions and bat coronavirus spill-over potential among rural residents in Southern China. Biosafety and Health 1(2) 2019: 84-90. Wang C, Horby PW, Hayden FG, Gao GF. A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern. Lancet. 2020 Jan 24. pii: S0140-6736(20)30185-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30185-9. No abstract available. PMID: 31986257 making China “Very High” under WHO risk assessment as of Jan 23, 2020, a total of 835 cases with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection have been detected in China, of whom 25 have died and 93% remain in hospital. Person-to-person transmission of this novel coronavirus in hospital and family settings may be suggested, as reports of infected travellers in other geographical regions surface. In India, 9150 passengers have been screened so far, according to Ministry of Health and no case of novel coronavirus detected. The Indian Health Ministry has asked travellers from China to immediately report to nearest health facility in case they do not feel well. ​ Pathogenesis There are six known human coronaviruses which were first identified in the 1960s from noses of patients with the common cold. Two human coronaviruses that are responsible for a large proportion of common colds OC43(beta) and 229E(alpha). Following the entry of coronavirus into the cell, the uncoated particle and the RNA genome is deposited into the cytoplasm. The coronavirus RNA genome has a 5′ methylated cap and a 3′ polyadenylated tail, which allows the RNA to attach to ribosomes for translation. Coronaviruses also have a protein known as a replicase encoded in its genome which allows the RNA viral genome to be transcribed into new RNA copies using the host cell's machinery. The replicase is the first protein to be made; once the monocistronic gene encoding the replicase is translated, the translation is stopped by a stop codon. A coronavirus non-structural protein provides extra fidelity to replication since it confers a proofreading function, which lacks in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzymes alone. Coronaviruses have a non-structural protein – a protease – which can separate the proteins in the chain. Case Definition Severe Acute Respiratory Infection suspected of 2019-CoV infection may be defined as- WHO. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Read More. Accessed on: 29 Jan. 2020 Chan JF, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KK, Chu H, Yang J et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020 Jan 24. pii: S0140-6736(20)30154-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9. PMID: 31986261. The Economic Times. ET Explains: All you need to know about the deadly novel coronavirus. Read More. Accessed on: 29 Jan 2020. Medical News Today. What’s to know about coronaviruses? Read More. Accessed on: 29 Jan 2020. Sexton NR, Smith EC, Blanc H, Vignuzzi M, Peersen OB, Denison MR (August 2016). "Homology-Based Identification of a Mutation in the Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase That Confers Resistance to Multiple Mutagens". Journal of Virology. 90 (16): 7415–7428. doi:10.1128/JVI.00080-16. PMC 4984655. PMID 27279608. Fehr AR, Perlman S (2015). "Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis". Coronaviruses. Methods in Molecular Biology. 1282. pp. 1–23. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1. ISBN 978-1-4939-2437-0. PMC 4369385. PMID 25720466. 2019-20 Wuhan coronavirus outbreak. Read more. Accessed on: 29 Jan 2020. WHO. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection is suspected: Interim Guidance. 28 January 2020. Patients with severe acute respiratory infection (fever, cough, and requiring admission to hospital), AND with no other aetiology that fully explains the clinical presentation AND at least one of the following: A history of travel to or residence in the city of Wuhan, Hu bei Province, China in the 14 days prior to symptom onset, patient is a health care worker who has been working in an environment where severe acute respiratory infections of unknown aetiology are being cared for. Patients with any acute respiratory illness and at least one of the following: Close contact* with a confirmed or probable case of 2019-nCoV in the 14 days prior to illness onset, or visiting or working in a live animal market in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in the 14 days prior to symptom onset, or worked or attended a health care facility in the 14 days prior to onset of symptoms where patients with hospital associated 2019-nCov infections have been reported. Close contact is defined as: Health care associated exposure, including providing direct care for nCoV patients, working with health care workers infected with novel coronavirus, visiting patients or staying in the same close environment as a nCoV patient. Working together in proximity or sharing the same classroom environment with a nCoV patient - Traveling together with a nCoV patient in any kind of conveyance. Living in the same household as a nCoV patient. Clinical Syndromes associated with 2019-nCoV infection Syndrome Definition Uncomplicated illness Patients with uncomplicated upper respiratory tract viral infection, may have non-specific symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, nasal congestion, malaise, headache, muscle pain or malaise. The elderly and immunosuppressed may present with atypical symptoms. These patients do not have any signs of dehydration, sepsis or shortness of breath. Mild pneumonia Patient with pneumonia and no signs of severe pneumonia. Child with non-severe pneumonia has cough or difficulty breathing + fast breathing: fast breathing (in breaths/min): <2 months, ≥60; 2–11 months, ≥50; 1–5 years, ≥40 and no signs of severe pneumonia. Severe pneumonia Adolescent or adult : fever or suspected respiratory infection, plus one of respiratory rate >30 breaths/min, severe respiratory distress, or SpO2 <90% on room air. Child with cough or difficulty in breathing, plus at least one of the following: Central cyanosis or SpO2 <90%; severe respiratory distress (e.g. grunting, very severe chest indrawing); signs of pneumonia with a general danger sign: inability to breastfeed or drink, lethargy or unconsciousness, or convulsions. Other signs of pneumonia may be present: chest indrawing, fast breathing (in breaths/min): <2 months, ≥60; 2–11 months, ≥50; 1–5 years, ≥40.The diagnosis is clinical; chest imaging can exclude complications. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Onset: new or worsening respiratory symptoms within one week of known clinical insult. Chest imaging (radiograph, CT scan, or lung ultrasound): bilateral opacities, not fully explained by effusions, lobar or lung collapse, or nodules. Origin of oedema: respiratory failure not fully explained by cardiac failure or fluid overload. Need objective assessment (e.g.echocardiography) to exclude hydrostatic cause of oedema if no risk factor present. Oxygenation (adults): • Mild ARDS: 200 mmHg < PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mmHg (with PEEP or CPAP ≥5 cmH2O, or non-ventilated) • Moderate ARDS: 100 mmHg < PaO2/FiO2 ≤200 mmHg with PEEP ≥5 cmH2O, or non-ventilated) • Severe ARDS: PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 100 mmHg with PEEP ≥5 cmH2O, or non-ventilated) • When PaO2 is not available, SpO2/FiO2 ≤315 suggests ARDS (including in non-ventilated patients) Oxygenation (children; note OI = Oxygenation Index and OSI = Oxygenation Index using SpO2): • Bilevel NIV or CPAP ≥5 cmH2O via full face mask: PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 300 mmHg or SpO2/FiO2 ≤264 • Mild ARDS (invasively ventilated): 4 ≤ OI < 8 or 5 ≤ OSI < 7.5 • Moderate ARDS (invasively ventilated): 8 ≤ OI < 16 or 7.5 ≤ OSI < 12.3 • Severe ARDS (invasively ventilated): OI ≥ 16 or OSI ≥ 12.3 Sepsis Adults: life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to suspected or proven infection, with organ dysfunction. Children: suspected or proven infection and ≥2 SIRS criteria, of which one must be abnormal temperature or white blood cell count. Septic Shock Adults: persisting hypotension despite volume resuscitation, requiring vasopressors to maintain MAP ≥65 mmHg and serum lactate level >2 mmol/L. Children: any hypotension (SBP 2 SD below normal for age) or 2-3 of the following: altered mental state; tachycardia or bradycardia (HR 160 bpm in infants and HR 150 bpm in children); prolonged capillary refill (>2 sec) or warm vasodilation with bounding pulses; tachypnea; mottled skin or petechial or purpuric rash; increased lactate; oliguria; hyperthermia or hypothermia. Clinical features The first fatal case of 2019-nCoV infection had continuous exposure to Wuhan Market, China was admitted with a 7-day history of fever, cough and dyspnoea. After 5 days of onset of illness, the wife of the patient who had no known history of exposure to the market, also had pneumonia and hospitalized in the isolation ward. The 2019-nCoV infection has so far caused clusters of severe respiratory illness like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and was associated with ICU admission and high mortality in China. In a first-hand data reported from Hospital of China, it was found that, by Jan 2, 2020, 41 laboratory- confirmed 2019-CoV infection admitted hospital patients had a higher plasma level of IL2, IL7, IL10, GSCF, IP10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNFα. Fever, cough, myalgia or fatigue is most common symptoms reported whereas less common symptoms include sputum production, headache, haemoptysis and diarrhoea. Diagnosis Multiplex RT-PCR, whole genome sequencing done in in-patient department cases in China. Clinical Management Patients with 2019-nCoV infection are exhibiting a wide range of symptoms. Most cases reported have mild disease, and nearly 20% appear to progress to severe disease, including pneumonia, respiratory failure and in some cases death. Currently, there is no evidence from RCTs to recommend any specific anti-nCoV treatment for suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV infection. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020 Jan 24. pii: S0140-6736(20)30183-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.PMID: 31986264. WHO. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Situation Report-8 *As reported by 28 January 2020. Read More. Accessed on: 29 Jan. 2020. Health Advisory WHO encourages all countries to continue epidemic preparedness. WHO’s standard recommendations for the general public to reduce exposure to and transmission of a range of illnesses are as follows, which include hand and respiratory hygiene, and safe food practices: 1. Frequently clean hands by using alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water; 2. When coughing and sneezing cover mouth and nose with flexed elbow or tissue – throw tissue away immediately and wash hands; 3. Avoid close contact with anyone who has fever and cough; 4. If you have fever, cough and difficulty breathing seek medical care early and share previous travel history with your health care provider; 5. When visiting live markets in areas currently experiencing cases of novel coronavirus, avoid direct unprotected contact with live animals and surfaces in contact with animals; 6. The consumption of raw or undercooked animal products should be avoided. Raw meat, milk or animal organs should be handled with care, to avoid cross-contamination with uncooked foods, as per good food safety practices. Homoeopathic Genus Epidemicus The preventive aspect of Homoeopathy is well known, and historically, Homoeopathy has reportedly been used for prevention during the epidemics of Cholera, Spanish Influenza, Yellow fever, Scarlet fever, Diphtheria, Typhoid etc. Homoeoprophylaxis or, prevention through Homoeopathy, can be met through using individualised medicine or Genus Epidemicus,(GE) which means a remedy which is found to be curative in most cases of the same disease is also the most likely preventive for that disease. The GE is considered whenever a specific area has been invaded by an epidemic outbreak. As in all collective diseases, the image of the pathological picture emerges after observing a considerable number of patients, Hahnemann suggests to observe several cases in order to paint “the full picture of the disease”, “totality of characteristic signs and symptoms” or “epidemic genius”, according to the homeopathic connotation of this term. The Genus Epidemicus is identified through observation of several cases of an epidemic disease, and analysing the symptomatology of those cases for the most indicated medicine. This medicine is the preventive medicine for the ongoing epidemic of that disease. It was reported that, during recent past GE had been used during various disease outbreak for preventing the spreading of diseases like Chikungunya, Dengue Fever, Japanese Encephalitis and Cholera with good results. Chikungunya Central Council for research in Homoeopathy (Council) endeavoured to find usefulness of homoeopathic genus epidemicus (Bryonia alba 30C) for the prevention of chikungunya during its epidemic outbreak in the state of Kerala, India. The result reflects a 19.76% relative risk reduction in medicine group compared to placebo. Dengue During 2016 in Delhi there was severe outbreak of both Dengue and Chikungunya. CCRH had undertook preventive study with Eupatorium perfoliatum as genus epidemicus in Mayapuri JJ clusters. Eight five percent (85%) of population were protected in homoeopathic group compared to no intervention cohort. Japanese Encephalitis (JE) In Japanese Encephalitis, (JE) positive role of Belladonna in prevention of JE was assessed in preclinical , studies in collaboration with school of tropical Medicine, Kolkata. Further to assess the effectiveness of Belladonna in clinical trial initial exploratory observational comparative study of JE was conducted wherein there was reduction of mortality and morbidity with add-on homoeopathic medicine. To validate these results Council conducted randomised controlled trial on the evaluation of homoeopathic medicines as add-on to institutional management protocol in acute encephalitis syndrome which concluded Adjunctive homeopathic medicines may improve clinical outcomes associated with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome. Coronavirus Keeping in view the positive results from the genus epidemicus as prophylactic during epidemic outbreaks of various diseases during recent past, Scientific Advisory Board of the Council in meeting held on 28.1.2020 discussed to find out possible genus epidemicus for recent outbreak of corona virus in China. The sign and symptoms of the patients were referred from the recent publication from the clinical history of patients of Wuhan, China in Lancet titled, “Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China”.